Article 23 on trial: How oil and gas producers are challenging the EU’s CO₂ storage obligations

Fifteen legal cases brought by oil and gas producers are challenging a key provision of the EU’s Net-Zero Industry Act, putting Europe’s 2030 CO₂ storage target at risk.

This explainer examines the legal arguments behind the lawsuits, their potential consequences for carbon capture and storage (CCS) deployment, and what is at stake for Europe’s industrial decarbonisation ambitions.