COP29
Advancing durable climate action for a zero-carbon future
Azerbaijan hosted the 29th UN Climate Change Conference of the Parties (COP29) in Baku from 11 November — 22 November 2024.
We need durable climate policies
Geopolitical fragmentation, economic competition, and shifting political dynamics have revealed the shortcomings of global climate action. We need a new framework that aligns climate policies with economic and security imperatives through innovative partnerships and leadership.
With the finance to back them up
While there’s extensive discussion around increasing funding for climate action to emerging and developing economies, most proposed solutions lack thorough analysis on scalability, plausibility, and impact. We need more research and more attention on domestic market policies that address root causes, not just symptoms.
We’re asking the hard questions
At COP29, we’re forcing hard conversations that push the climate movement out of its comfort zone grappling with the full scope and complexity of the climate challenge and advancing the range of solutions we need to meet it.
Notre message aux dirigeants mondiaux
At COP29, CATF is calling for government, industry, finance, and civil society to reckon with the full scope and scale of the challenge and take the immediate actions needed to meet it.
Cela signifie qu'il faut le comprendre :
- We need more energy, not less. We must respect the imperatives of energy security and energy access, particularly in the developing world.
- Nous avons besoin de plus de solutions climatiques, pas moins. Il n'y a pas de solution miracle. Nous devons proposer un large éventail de solutions pour maximiser nos chances de réussite.
- One size does not fit all. We must allow for region-centric approaches that respect regional diversity, mitigation opportunities, energy resources and security needs, and the development imperatives of the Global South.
- Economy-wide inclusion is key. We won’t get where we need to without buy-in from the full climate and energy ecosystem. We must work within the economic realities of the energy, industrial, and land sectors, mitigating emissions while seeking opportunities for engagement with industry on the road to a zero-emissions future.
- Accountability is critical. Public and sometimes symbolic pledges can set the stage for action, but we need detailed plans that can be implemented in the real world and achieved in realistic timeframes. All stakeholders must be held accountable for tangible and meaningful outcomes.
Evénements
For speaking engagement inquiries, please contact Amy Patrickson.
Suivi de la déclaration sur le climat et l'énergie de la COP29
This interactive tool was created to provide clear, accessible insights into the commitments made by countries, NGOs, and other stakeholders at COP29. The tracker is designed to help users navigate the complexity of COPs by offering a streamlined way to explore key declarations.

News from COP29
Explore insights, research, and the latest COP29 news from CATF’s experts.
Please contact Troy Shaheen or Natalie Volk for media and press inquiries.
CATF experts on the ground at COP29
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Jonathan Banks, Directeur mondial, Prévention de la pollution par le méthane |
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Lee Beck, Directeur principal, Europe, Moyen-Orient et Afrique |
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Sam Bowers, Responsable de la politique américaine, Capture du carbone |
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Harlan Cutshall, Director, Foundation Giving |
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Kathy Fallon, Director, Land Systems Program |
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Sehila Gonzalez de Vicente, Directrice mondiale, énergie de fusion |
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Paula García Holley, Responsable de la politique pour l'Amérique latine, Prévention de la pollution par le méthane |
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Mary Louks, Director, Events and Engagement |
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Alfredo Miranda-González, Directeur adjoint, International Methane |
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Lily Odarno, Directrice, Innovation énergétique et climatique, Afrique |
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Amy Patrickson, Liaison for Europe and the Middle East |
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Malwina Qvist, Directrice, Programme d'énergie nucléaire |
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Kasparas Spokas, Directeur de la stratégie de connaissance et d'intégration |
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Troy Shaheen, Communications Director |
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Rebecca Tremain, Director of UK Policy |
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Zitely Tzompa Sosa, Responsable de la recherche, Prévention de la pollution par le méthane |
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Natalie Volk, Communications Manager |
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David Yellen, Directeur, Innovation en matière de politique climatique |
COP29 FAQs
Find answers to your common questions around COP29.
Qu'est-ce que la COP ?
La conférence des parties (COP) est une conférence annuelle sur le climat organisée dans le cadre de la Convention-cadre des Nations unies sur les changements climatiques (CCNUCC), un traité international sur l'environnement adopté par des pays du monde entier en 1994 pour lutter contre le changement climatique. 198 parties ont ratifié l'accord (197 pays plus l'Union européenne), ce qui représente une participation mondiale quasi universelle.
Les objectifs de la CCNUCC sont de stabiliser les concentrations de gaz à effet de serre dans l'atmosphère "à un niveau qui empêche toute perturbation anthropique (induite par l'homme) dangereuse du système climatique". La COP est une réunion annuelle des parties à la CCNUCC au cours de laquelle sont examinés les progrès réalisés et les mesures prises pour atteindre ces objectifs.
Pourquoi la COP est-elle importante ?
La COP constitue un mécanisme important pour renforcer l'ambition, la responsabilité et l'action, tout en améliorant la coordination entre les parties et les autres parties prenantes. Le défi climatique nécessite une coopération multinationale et multisectorielle, et les forums internationaux peuvent accélérer l'action en faisant entendre la voix des personnes les plus vulnérables aux effets du changement climatique sur la scène internationale, en créant des opportunités pour favoriser la coopération entre des pays qui pourraient autrement être en désaccord, et en fournissant un forum permettant de poser des questions difficiles et d'y travailler.
Why is COP29 important?
With Azerbaijan set to host, COP29 will mark the second consecutive major fossil fuel exporter to host the climate conference; and in this case a petrostate inextricably linked with geopolitical complexity. As a major gas exporter to Europe, an importer of Russian gas, and the lingering shadow of conflict with Armenia in the region, geopolitics and the role of oil and gas will once again be at the forefront.
A key issue at COP29 will be the New Collective Quantified Goal on Climate Finance (NCQG). Countries are expected to agree on a post-2025 climate finance target, as the current goal—$100 billion per year from developed nations—will expire in 2025. This goal was first met in 2022, but a 2023 report by the Independent High-Level Expert Group on Climate Finance estimated that developing countries will require $2.4 trillion annually by 2030 to meet the goals of the Paris Agreement. Determining who will contribute to this new goal, and how much, will be one of the most contentious issues at COP29.
Countries will also continue negotiations around Article 6 of the Paris Agreement, which enables voluntary cooperation and carbon credit trading to meet emissions targets. Key areas of progress include finalizing monitoring, reporting, and verification (MRV) requirements and processes for the Article 6.4 Crediting Mechanism, allowing the exchange of greenhouse gas offset credits for emissions reductions and removals between nations. Negotiations are ongoing and include developing and/or approving methodologies, registering activities, accrediting third-party verification bodies, and managing the Article 6.4 Registry.
The conference will also spotlight the Biennial Transparency Reports (BTRs), which require countries to report on their progress toward implementing their Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs) under the Paris Agreement. The BTRs, due by December 31, 2024, mark the first major test of the Paris Agreement’s transparency and accountability framework and will be a crucial measure of whether countries are delivering on their climate promises.
Finally, as countries work to update their national climate targets, known as Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs), COP29 will be essential for pushing further ambition. With the next round of NDCs due ahead of COP30, COP29 provides an opportunity to rally countries toward more aggressive decarbonization efforts. The Global Stocktake has shown that we are far off track to meet the goals of the Paris Agreement, making it critical for COP29 to serve as a turning point in accelerating global climate action.
What is the agenda at COP29?
COP29 will feature the following thematic days:
- November 11: Opening Day
- November 12-13: World Leaders Climate Action Summit
- November 14: Finance, Investment, and Trade
- November 15: Energy / Peace, Relief, and Recovery
- November 16: Science, Technology, and Innovation / Digitalization
- November 17: Rest Day
- November 18: Human Development / Children and Youth / Health / Education
- November 19: Food, Water, and Agriculture
- November 20: Urbanization / Transport / Tourism
- November 21: Indigenous People / Gender Equality / Nature and Biodiversity / Oceans and Coastal Zones
- November 22: Final Negotiations
For more information on the COP29 agenda and its thematic days, visit: https://cop29.az/en/pages/cop29-presidency-action-agenda-letter
Où se déroule la COP ?
COP is hosted by a different country each year and typically rotates through different geographic regions. The first meeting (COP1) took place in Berlin, Germany. COP28, in 2023, was held in Dubai, UAE.
In 2024, the 29th session of the Conference of the Parties (COP29) to the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) will be held in Baku, Azerbaijan.
Quand la COP a-t-elle commencé ?
La première conférence des parties s'est tenue à Berlin en 1995 et a marqué une étape importante dans la mise en place des futurs protocoles et accords visant à réduire les émissions de gaz à effet de serre.
Qui participe à la COP ?
La COP rassemble des dizaines de milliers de diplomates, de ministres et de négociateurs de près de 200 pays. Des représentants de la société civile, des chefs d'entreprise et des responsables financiers, des experts universitaires, des organisations internationales, des activistes et des médias assistent également aux conférences.
Quels ont été les résultats obtenus lors des précédentes CdP ?
Plusieurs engagements, traités et mécanismes de financement historiques sont issus de ces réunions annuelles.
Le protocole de Kyoto a été adopté lors de la COP3 à Kyoto, au Japon, avec l'engagement de réduire les émissions de gaz à effet de serre dans les pays industrialisés. Le protocole de Kyoto a finalement été remplacé par la feuille de route de Bali en 2007 (qui incluait tous les pays plutôt que les seules nations industrialisées), mais il a jeté des bases importantes pour les accords ultérieurs.
In 2015, at COP21, the Paris Agreement was unanimously adopted, aiming to keep the rise in the global average temperature to 2 degrees Celsius above pre-industrial levels, and ideally to 1.5 degrees Celsius. It also included provisions to strengthen the ability to adapt to climate change and build resilience and align all finance flows with “a pathway towards low greenhouse gas emissions and climate-resilient development.” As part of the Paris Agreement, countries agreed to set emissions reductions targets and communicate these targets to the UNFCCC in the form of nationally determined contributions (NDCs).
Lors de la COP24 à Katowice, en Pologne, les Parties ont adopté le paquet climat de Katowice, qui définit les procédures et les mécanismes permettant de rendre l'Accord de Paris opérationnel. Il s'agit notamment d'orientations pour la mise en œuvre des CDN, pour l'établissement de rapports sur l'adaptation et les impacts climatiques, et sur la manière de réaliser le bilan mondial pour évaluer les progrès globaux vers les objectifs de l'Accord de Paris.
Lors de la COP26 qui s'est tenue à Glasglow, au Royaume-Uni, le pacte climatique de Glasgow a pour la première fois appelé toutes les nations à réduire progressivement la production d'électricité à partir de charbon et les subventions inefficaces accordées aux combustibles fossiles. La conférence a également été l'occasion de lancer l'Engagement mondial sur le méthane, par lequel plus de 115 pays se sont engagés à réduire les émissions de méthane de 30 % d'ici à 2030. Le méthane est un polluant climatique nocif qui doit être atténué au même titre que le dioxyde de carbone afin de prévenir le réchauffement à court terme et d'éviter le franchissement de points de basculement climatiques potentiellement irréversibles.
At COP28 in Dubai, UAE, the final negotiated text recognized the need to transition the global energy system by advancing a wide range of clean energy solutions and rapidly cutting methane emissions — while acknowledging the need for regionally tailored approaches that contend with economic and geopolitical realities. Outside of the negotiating room, COP28 broke new ground with major commitments around methane mitigation, nuclear energy deployment, oil and gas decarbonization, fusion energy, and more.

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